A stock warrant allows the holder to buy or sell shares of stock in the issuing company at a specified price and date. Here’s why companies issue warrants.
In a liquidity event, a company’s founders and investors turn their illiquid assets into liquid assets. Examples include IPOs and acquisitions. Learn more.
Share dilution occurs when a company does something to increase its number of shares outstanding. Here’s how it affects existing shareholders and investors.
Phantom stock, otherwise known as shadow stock, is a way to compensate employees without granting them actual shares of company stock. Learn more.
Stock warrants and options both allow the holder to buy or sell shares of stock at a specified price and date. But several key differences set them apart.
Most equity grants require a time-based vesting period or set of vesting milestones in order for the employee to become a full owner of the award. Read on.
RSAs and RSUs are types of restricted stock that work differently in terms of taxes, vesting, and other particulars. See which equity type is right for you.
SEC Rule 144 is an exemption that allows for the public resale of restricted and control securities if certain conditions are met. Read more about Rule 144.
A stock option is a contract that allows a person to purchase a number of shares of stock at a fixed price. Learn how employee stock options work.
Startup stock options work similarly to employee stock options at other types of companies. But startups move quickly, and so can the value of your options.
A tender offer typically gives shareholders an opportunity to sell some or all of their shares. A company or third party can be the offerer.
A special purpose vehicle is a separate legal entity created by a parent company. VC investors may use SPVs to invest in individual startups. Here’s how.
Venture capital (VC) provides capital to young startups that have the potential to grow into much larger and more valuable companies over time. Learn more.
Preferred stock has a higher preference for asset distribution, but common stock may offer more upside. Learn about preferred stock vs. common stock.
A stock option’s strike price is determined by the fair market value of the underlying stock. Here’s how to find FMV and set the right strike price.
Learn about the difference between RSUs and stock options.
ASC 820 standardizes the process of valuing assets and liabilities, so as to ensure that investments are reported at their fair value. Learn more.
Private equity is a type of financing in which money is invested into a private company. Read our guide to private equity and venture capital for founders.
A capitalization table, or cap table, is a table displaying a company’s equity ownership. Here are the different types of cap tables and mistakes to avoid.
The fair market value of a private company’s stock is how much one share of that stock would be worth on the open market. Learn more about how FMV works.
As is true with any funding round, a down round can result in the dilution of equity. But it can have more significant consequences for founders. Read more.
A four-year vesting schedule with a one-year cliff is the most common vesting schedule, but other options may make sense for your startup. Learn more.
Contributed capital is the total amount of money and assets shareholders have invested in a company. Here’s where to find it in your balance sheet.
Restricted Stock Units, or RSUs, are taxed at ordinary income tax rates upon vesting. Capital gains taxes may also apply at the time the stock is sold.
Advisory shares are a type of equity compensation that startups can give to advisors in exchange for their advice. Learn more in our guide for founders.
The ISO $100K limit prevents employees from taking too much advantage of the tax benefits associated with incentive stock options (ISOs). Learn more.
From incorporation to equity compensation and tax preparation, we provide you with essential strategies, calendars, and insights to navigate the complex compliance landscape efficiently.
Ready to explore options beyond Carta? We’ll dive into some of the top players and uncover what makes Pulley a standout choice. You’ll also get actionable strategies to enhance your equity management, so you can operate with speed, precision, and trust with your team and investors.
Planning your company's equity roadmap is important so you don't give away too much of the company in the early days.
Keeping your slice of the pie.
Learn about the must-know equity terms for founders.
Is your cap table broken? Find out how to build a strong cap table.
Learn about the different between ISOs and NSOs types of stock options.
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